Fig. 1

Upright Motor Control Test extension subtests. The UMCT comprises six extension and flexion subtests intended to reflect the limb loading and unloading demands of upright functional activities such as walking. Figure illustrates the extension subtests: hip extension (a), knee extension (b), and ankle plantarflexion (c). Reprinted with permission: Daniels and Worthingham’s Muscle Testing: Techniques of Manual Examination, 8th edition, Hislop HJ, Montgomery J, Upright Motor Control, pages 343–350, Copyright Elsevier (2007) [20]