Fig. 2

Back-PAQ scores at each study time point for the three cohorts with longitudinal data. Cohorts are named based on their start and end year of study (e.g 2019–2021 cohort is equivalent to 2019 BSc-1 and 2020 Bsc-2). *: p < 0.001; †:p < 0.005 (colours are related to the corresponding cohort)